Engineering
Mathematics
Tangent and Normal
Question

The complete set of non-zero values of  k  such that the equation | x2 – 10x + 9 | = kx  is satisfied by atleast one and atmost three values of x, is

(– ∞, – 16] ⋃ [16, ∞)

(– ∞, – 16] ⋃ [4, ∞)

(– ∞, – 4] ⋃ [4, ∞)    

(– ∞, 4] ⋃ [16, ∞)

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Solution
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 x210x+9x=k 
 f(x)=x210x+9x=(x1)(x9)x if x(,1)(9,)(x1)(x9) if x(1,9)
f(x)=x(2x10)x210x+9x2=2x210xx2+10x9x2
=x29x2=(x3)(x+3)x2
 f(x)=x29x2 for x( in |x|>3 and            
From the graph  (– ∞, – 16] ⋃ [4, ∞) Ans.

Aliter-1:   For the given condition to be satisfied, the value of  k must lie between the slopes of line  OA  and  OB.
For slope of line  OA,
– (x2 – 10x + 9) = kx  must have equal roots.
⇒    (k – 10)2 – 36 = 0   ⇒     k = 4, 16 ⇒ k = 4
For slope of the line  OB,
 x2 – 10x + 9 = kx  must have equal roots
⇒  (k + 10)2 – 36 = 0  ⇒  k = – 4, – 16
∴   k Î [4, ∞) ⋃ (– ∞, – 16]   Ans.

 
Aliter-2:    x2 – 10x + 9 = ± kx
x2 – (10 ± k) x + 9 = 0
D = (10 ± k)2 – 36 = 0
10 + k = ± 6  ⇒  k = – 16 or – 4
 and
10 – k = ± 6  ⇒  k = 16 or 4
Now, draw the graph of y = | x2 – 10x + 9 |    
dydx= 0, when x = 5
y(5) = – 16
For y = kx to intersect y = | x2 – 10x + 9 |, 
k ≤ 4  or  k ≤ – 16 
Hence, k ∈ (– ∞, – 16] ⋃ [4, ∞).

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